The full story
Rome’s catacombs are separate burial complexes cut into soft volcanic rock beyond the ancient city walls. From the second century onward, these underground galleries served Christian, Jewish and other Roman communities as burial grounds, with wall niches, family chambers and small decorated spaces arranged on several levels. Their frescoes, inscriptions and carved sarcophagi are especially important for understanding early Christian art and changing Roman burial customs. The complexes are spread along old roads rather than joined into one network. The Appian Way holds the best-known choices, including Callixtus and San Sebastiano, while Priscilla, Saint Agnes, Generosa and San Valentino lie elsewhere around Rome. Treat the catacombs as distinct visits: access conditions, guided routes and conservation closures vary by site. Choose one complex for its location and surviving features instead of trying to combine several in a short day.