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Saint Petersburg is a city and a federal subject a federal city of Russia located on the Neva River at the head of the Gulf of Finland on the Baltic Sea The city's other names were Petrograd and Leningrad 1924 1991 It is often called just Petersburg Петербург Founded by Tsar Peter I of Russia on 27 May 1703 it was the capital of the Russian Empire for more than two hundred years 1713 1728 1732 1918 Saint Petersburg ceased being the capital in 1918 after the Russian Revolution of 1917 It is Russia's second largest city after Moscow with 4 6 million inhabitants and over 6 million people live in its vicinity Saint Petersburg is a major European cultural centre and an important Russian port on the Baltic Sea Saint Petersburg is often described as the most Western city of Russia Among cities of the world with over one million people Saint Petersburg is the northernmost The Historic Centre of Saint Petersburg and Related Groups of Monuments constitute a UNESCO World Heritage Site Saint Petersburg is also home to The Hermitage the largest art museum in the world Russia's political and cultural centre for 200 years the city is sometimes referred to in Russia as the Northern Capital Over its history it has also been referenced as the Venice of the north and the northern Palmira A large number of foreign consulates international corporations banks and other businesses are.